Science - Onion Cells

 Onion cells (slide) 

In today's science lesson, my class and I learned how to prepare an onion cell slide. In this lesson, the equipment used is one onion-skin layer, knife, forceps, slide, cover slide, cutting board, iodine, and microscope. 

Method : 

• First, you get an onion cut it with a knife then peel a skin layer with forceps and gently place and spread on a slide.  
• Next, you put two to three drops of iodine on the onion.
• Then, grab your cover slide and at a 45-degree angle you're going to spread the iodine over the onion then place the cover slide on top.
• After that, you're going to let it sit there for a minute or so, and then prepare your microscope.
• Finally, once all done grab your slide and place it under the microscope and look through it.

Result : 

Science - Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of the environment, interacting system. It can be very large or very small. The whole Earth’s surface is a series of connected ecosystems. These abiotics and biotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flow.

Within the ecosystem there are producers, consumers and decomposers. 

The producers are plants. They make their own food, which creates energy for them to grow, reproduce and survive. Being able to make their own food makes them unique; they are the only living things on Earth that can make their own source and energy. 

The consumers are organisms that need to eat food to obtain their energy; such as us humans and animals. Consumers like lions to survive and obtain their energy just like us humans. 

The decomposers are the organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, they carry out decomposition, a process possible by only certain kingdoms, such as fungi. 

Food chain and food web are similar to each other except that food chain is a chain that goes in a line (an organism that gets eaten by another organism), whereas food web is a variety of different organisms eating the same food.

 

Science - Lava Lamp Experience

Material: 

Vinegar, Sodium bicarbonate, Citric acid, Oil, Food Colouring, Water, empty Water bottle.

Method:

1.  Add colouring in 50 ml of water in a beaker.

2.  Pour the coloured water into an empty water bottle.

3.  Add vinegar and make the bottle half-filled.

4.  Add vegetable oil up to the bottleneck ( close to the top).

5. Add sodium bicarbonate and citric acid.

RESULT : 

I think my group and I did good compared to some of the other groups, but they did good as well. If I had the chance to do this experiment again, I’ll take that opportunity to do so.  

Science - Tectonic Plates

What are tectonic plates?

The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth’s solid outer crust, the lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere, the molten upper portion of the mantle. Oceanic and continental plates come together, spread apart, and interact at boundaries all over the planet. 

What are the 7 tectonic plates?

There are major and micro tectonic plates. There are seven major plates; African, Antarctica, Eurasian, Indo-Australian, North America, Pacific, and South America. 

Why do they move? 

The heat from radioactive processes within the planet’s interior causes the plates to move, sometimes toward and sometimes away from each other. This movement is called plate motion, or tectonic drift. 

Other info:

With this comes along three tectonic plates I’ve learned about in science. I’ve learned about divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries.

Divergent boundaries: 

Where two plates are moving away from each other. 

Convergent boundaries:

Where two plates are colliding.

Transform boundaries:

Where two plates slide past each other.

 

Science - Volcanoes

What is a volcano? 

A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape. Beneath a volcano, liquid magma containing dissolved gases rises through cracks in the Earth’s crust.

How does it produce lava? 

It is created deep beneath Earth’s surface often 100 miles or more underground, where temperatures get hot enough to melt rock. Eventually, some magma makes its way to Earth’s surface and escapes via a volcano eruption. When magma erupts onto Earth’s surface it begins to flow, scientists then call it lava. 

How are volcanoes formed? 

When a tectonic plate collides and goes through the process of subduction, it sets the foundation for a volcano. The overlapping of the tectonic plates causes magma to break through the crust, which is the cause of a volcanic eruption.